Improvement in distilling pine wood



T. W. WHEELER.

DISTILLING PINE WOOD.

No. 105,019. Patented July 5; 1870.

infirm-mm, .[iz 1 672 [01 UNITED STATES 'rHoMAs w. WHEELER, or

PATENT OFFICE.

NEW BERNE, NORTH GAROLINQIASSIGNOB 'ro' HIMSELF AND E; w. CARPENTER, OFsAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN DISTlLLIN-G PINE WOOD.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 105,019, dated July 5,1870.

.To on whom it' may. concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS W. WHEELER,

of New Berne, in the county of Craven and State of North Carolina, haveinvented certain Improvements in Process of Distilling Turpentine fromPine Wood, 820., of-which. the fol-=- lowing is a specification,reference being had tot-he accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to processes for distilling turpentine and othersubstances from pine wood; and it consists in the construction andarrangement of a novel apparatus [by which, during the process, and atone and the same time, the lighter oil or turpentine, the heavy oils,and a tarry residuum, maybe drawn fromdifferent points of the same.

- In the drawing, Figure 1 is alongitudinal vertical section of myapparatus. showing a portion of the same in side elevation.

In the construction of my apparatus 1 make a retort, A, of any 'sizedesired, and of any suitable form, with a perforated floor or plat-'=form, B, on its inside, and at some little distance from its bottom,.asshown-iiithe figure, and also-with a lid, 0, attached in any of theusualper side an upright cylindrical projection, a,

with a pipe, b, communicating with the retort,

extending up through its center; -'Over this:

pipe b is placed a coveredflcylindrical tube, a, of the requisite sizeto leave some-space between it and the tube or pipe I) on the oneside,.and' the cylindrical projection on the other, as clearly showninthe figure. Overor near the retort is placed a cold-water cistern, F,provided with a cock, d, and so arranged that the water may be allowedto drip on the top of the tube 0 when desired. To the side of the tube 0is connected a pipe, f, which runs to a worm-tub, G, .within which itis.-

coiled, and afterward passes out at thel'side near the bottom of thetub, as shown at g. f

The rear end of the retort maybe made square or cone-shaped, as shown inthe drawing. 1 In either case a pipe, h, extends fromitsicenter to aworm-tub, H, within which it is coiled,

and afterward passes out at the side, near the bottom of the tub, asshown at hand is provided with a trap, k, between the retort and theworm-tub, as shown. From the bottom of the retort is another pipe, Z,leadinginto a tight receiver, L, with a pipe, m, -extending from it,provided with a trap, n, and also with a-pipe, 0. rising from its upperend, all as shown inthe figure. j

' Underneath the retort is arrangeda furnace, M, with gate N,- in theusual manner. j "111 operatingth'e apparatus thus constructed the retortA is first charged with the pine wood, and the lid 0 firmly secured.Steamis. then introduced through the 'steampipe' E,

.when it'thoroughly fills the retort and dis I solves all the solublecomponents of the wood. The vapors arising from this distillation passup the pipjeb. As they reach its top, the heavy oilthe'reinis at; oncecondensed by the coldness- 'produced under 'theuppe'r end of thcyl inderby means of the'cold water runningpr dripping thereon from thecold-water cistern;

F,.and is'thrown into the retort, while the vapors containing thelighter oils pass'up over the end of the pipe b, then out through. thepipe f, and into its w'orinfin the tub G, which is iull of coldwater,.and condenses the .vaporinto' a liquid, which is drawn froin thepipe at g', 'andwhich consists, principally, of

turpentine, though, in a further distillation, .it'is found to'containparaifine, naphtha,

;At the same timethe vaporsthatare mainly j cha'rged with the heavy oilspass along'th e.

pipe h to the worm-tub H, which is also full of cold water, and in likemanner condenses the" vapors into oil, which is drawn from the pipe atc, the trap kin the pipe preventing any of the lighter gases frompassing over at the, Whilethe light and heavy'oils are thus being drawnsimultaneously from the re'-' tort, the residuum of the distillation of.the wood passes down through the perforatedfioor B, and out through thepipel, into the receiver L, from which it is drawn by a pipe, m, prosametime.

vided witha trap, n, to prevent any escape of gas, The receiver L isalso provided with apipe, 0, which is. kept closed during the process,but serves at other times to afford access to the interior. v Itordinarily-takes from fifteen to twenty- I have found that theturpentine prodiiee'd inithis way is of an excellentand useful qual ity,While what Ihave termed the residuum, is found especially useful as asubstitute for a coarse varnish.

Having thus described mv invention, what I claim is 1. The apparatusconsisting of the retort A,

with pipe E, for the introduction of steam, the

cylindrical projection a, tube 12, covered cylindrical tube 0, withcold-water cistern F, and the pipes f, 7:, and Z, with theconnecting-tubs for condensing, when arranged substantially as hereindescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The process, substantially as herein described, of distilling frompine wood turpentine, heavyoil, and tar residuum, separately and at thesame time, in the manner set forth.

THOMAS W. WHEELER.

Witnesses:

H. B. MUNN, PHIL. T. DODGE.

